Cremation in New Zealand
In New Zealand, 70% of people choose cremation. Cremation is the process of reducing a body to fine bone fragments using high heat.
Some religious denominations require cremation to happen as soon as possible after death. If it is noted in the application for cremation that the deceased belonged to a religious denomination whose beliefs require the burning of the body to be carried out as a religious rite somewhere other than in an approved crematorium, the Medical Officer of Health may permit the cremation to be carried out in the requested location.
Crematoriums are either run by local councils or privately owned so charges may vary as well as rules around what sort of materials are permitted for the coffin. It’s worth checking their requirements first if you’re wanting to make or provide your own coffin. Most crematoriums request 24 hours notice, but urgent cremations are possible.
You can find all New Zealand Crematoriums listed in our business directory.
How does cremation work?
Cremations are performed individually, one at a time. A body must be in a coffin but this can be plain, even cardboard. Some crematoria allow burial shrouds to be used.
Inside their coffin/casket, the body is placed in the cremator, a special chamber designed to withstand the very high heat produced. After 2 hours, the remains are reduced to bone fragments. You can request to be present when the casket is placed into the cremator. There is a charge for this and as the space available for viewing is usually small, only a few people will be able to attend.
Once the cremation process is complete, the operator then removes any metal objects, like implants, fillings and parts of the casket or cremation container. The bone fragments are crushed in a piece of equipment called a cremulator and the processed remains placed in a named, sealed container ready for collection. Most crematoria require that the cremation remains are collected within 28 days.
Within 3 days of a cremation, the office of Births, Deaths and Marriage must be informed. If you’re using the services of a funeral director, they’ll do this for you. It’s free to register a death, but there’s a fee to order a death certificate.
What are the legalities around cremation in New Zealand?
Cremations are highly regulated, there are forms to fill out and certain documentation and information will be requested from you.
Generally these forms include:
Medical practitioner’s certificate
Application for cremation
Certificate in relation to pacemakers and implants
Permission to cremate (this must be signed by the crematorium’s local medical referee)
Cremation register (this is done after cremation, when the ashes are being returned)
A cremation certificate may be issued without examining the deceased in situations where a person has died in a residential care facility, rest home or other long term in-patient facility, and where the death is not unexpected. More on this exemption…
Questions to ask your local crematorium
- Can I book direct with you or do I need to go through a funeral director?
- Does the body need to be in a coffin? What about a shroud?
- What sort of materials are permitted in the coffin?
- Can you cremate someone with medical implants such as a pacemaker?
- Is there a weight and size restriction for cremations?
- What are my options for the ashes?
Frequently Asked Questions
Pacemakers and any other battery powered medical devices, such as spinal cord stimulators and nerve stimulators must be removed before cremation. Most funeral directors will be able to remove the pacemaker from your loved one’s body.
Cochlear implants, metal plates or screws, artificial hips and other implants without internal batteries are not required to be removed.
The coffin used for a cremation must have the deceased’s name written on it and be made of materials that are combustible. There are rules around what can be placed inside a coffin for a cremation, not all funeral decorations can be cremated with your loved one. Anything metal, glass or plastic will need to be removed. Read more about what you can put in a coffin.
Medical referees are responsible for permitting cremations to take place. Their main role is to review cause of death documentation and cremation forms produced by certifying medical and nurse practitioners, and to decide whether to approve or decline applications for cremation.
Medical referees act as an additional check to assure that the cause of death has been definitely ascertained before the body is cremated. If you’re not using a funeral director, the Crematorium staff will contact their local medical referee on your behalf.
Weight and width limits differ depending on the cremator machine in each crematorium. Search the requirements of your local council crematorium online or ask your funeral director if using a privately owned crematorium.
A ‘direct cremation’ is simply, transfer of the deceased into the care of a funeral home, with no other family involvement or ceremony when there. The funeral director obtains all medical documentation such as death certificate and transfers the body directly to the crematorium, later returning the ashes to the family. The body is not embalmed and there is no option for the family to view the body. This is a more affordable option with some families then choosing to remember their loved one at a simple memorial celebration at home or at a local club.
Trying to decide what to do with your loved ones ashes can be a difficult decision, but you don’t have to decide right away. You can store ashes in a simple box or urn until you decide.
Some people have very specific requests about where and when they wish their ashes to be scattered or buried. This could be written in a will, expressed as part of an end-of-life conversation or documented in their Go with Grace Plan.
Read more about what to do with ashes…
Memoirs and keepsakes using your loved ones ashes
What is Water Cremation?
Water cremation (also known as bio-cremation or alkaline hydrolysis) is an environmentally friendly option for caring for the bodies of our loved ones. It produces up to six times fewer carbon emissions and uses up to seven times less energy than a fire cremation.
During the water cremation process, a body is dissolved in an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide and water, inside a stainless steel machine called a resomator. This process usually takes between three and four hours. The process breaks down body remains into bone fragments, which can then be placed into an urn or container, much like a fire cremation.
